Effective Java 第五条：避免创建不必要的对象
重用不可变对象
- String s = new String(“stringette”);
bad//Don’t do this! - String s = “stringette”;
good
对于同时提供了静态工厂方法和构造器的不可变类，通常可以使用静态工厂方法而不是构造器，以避免创建不必要的对象
- Boolean.valueOf(String)优于Boolean(String)
重用已知不会被修改的可变对象
public class Person {
private final Date birthDate;
public boolean isBabyBoomer() {
Calendar gmtCal =
Calendar.getInstance(TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT"));
gmtCal.set(1946, Calendar.JANUARY, 1, 0, 0, 0);
Date boomStart = gmtCal.getTime();
gmtCal.set(1965, Calendar.JANUARY, 1, 0, 0, 0);
Date boomEnd = gmtCal.getTime();
return birthDate.compareTo(boomStart) >= 0 &&
birthDate.compareTo(boomEnd) < 0;
}
}
public class Person {
private final Date birthDate;
private static final Date BOOM_START;
private static final Date BOOM_END;
static {
Calendar gmtCal =
Calendar.getInstance(TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT"));
gmtCal.set(1946, Calendar.JANUARY, 1, 0, 0, 0);
BOOM_START = gmtCal.getTime();
gmtCal.set(1965, Calendar.JANUARY, 1, 0, 0, 0);
BOOM_END = gmtCal.getTime();
}
public boolean isBabyBoomer() {
return birthDate.compareTo(BOOM_START) >= 0 &&
birthDate.compareTo(BOOM_END) < 0;
}
}
延迟初始化 Lazy Initializing
优先使用基本类型而不是自动装箱类型
public static void main(String[] args) {
Long sum = 0L;
for (long i = 0; i < Integer.MAX_VALUE; i++) {
sum += i;
}
System.out.println(sum);
}